Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chiweto ndi petg?

Chiweto, polycondens, imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa mafilimu ndi ulusi, pakati pa mapulogalamu ena. Tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zopangira, osati m'mabotolo a sorous kokha, komanso mu ma amorphous pet (chiwindi), ma crystalline pets (zingwe) ndi zitini. M'zaka zisanu zapitazi, ziweto zamagulu ndi zojambulajambula, monga zinthu zatsopano za polymer, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu engiright ndi zapadera za phukusi lapadera, motero.
Kupambana kwa chiweto mu Soda ku Soda kumachitika chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwake komanso kutchuka kwake, kuthekera kwachuma, phindu labwino kwambiri, komanso kukula kwa tekinoloje yothamanga kwambiri. Zingwe zakumamwa zopepuka ndizopepuka, zopanda chopepuka, zotheka, komanso zimakhala ndi ufulu. Boti lodzazidwa la 2-lita lodzala ndi 24% opepuka kuposa botolo lalikulu; Boboti yopanda kanthu imalemera 1/10 ya botolo lagalasi ya kukula komweko. Izi zimapulumutsa pantchito, mphamvu, ndi ndalama zonse zolumikizana ndi opanga.
Chemistry ndi katundu

Pet ya mabotolo akumwa amapangidwa kuchokera ku Terephthalic Acid (TPA) yopezeka ndi makutidwe ndi ma okomera a P-xleyne. Terephthalic acid amakhala otsukidwa kapena atakhala ndi methanol kuti apange dimethyl terephthalate (dmt), kapenanso oxidized kuti apange terephthalic Acid (pta). Zopangira zina zoyambira zokongoletsera ndi Ethane, zomwe zimasinthidwa kukhala ethylene glycol (mwachitsanzo) pochita. Pet ndi kuvomerezedwa polimation wopangidwa ndi ma polymerization a DMT (kapena PTA) ndi mwachitsanzo, ndondomeko yolimba ya boma kuti mupeze makristong akuluakulu ndi ma virus. Njira yolimba imapangitsanso ethanol zomwe zili polima mokwanira.

General Pet Pet imasungunuka pafupifupi 480F (), koma malo osungunuka-a crystalline ndi pafupifupi 520f ().

Chiweto chozungulira chili ndi mphamvu zambiri. Kulimba ndi kuwonekera, ndipo sikugwirizana ndi acid acid, zitsulo ndi zitsulo zambiri.

Makalasi apadera

Kutambasulira kuwombera kuwumba ziweto kumatha kupatsa utoto wolimba, wobiriwira ndi wopepuka wachikasu. Polymer polymer mu riyakitala safunikira kuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zamakono, ndipo zimawongolera utoto. Malin Amision Osiyanasiyana amapezeka. Pet Coptolillrs Crystalkize pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimawalola kupanga mabotolo apamwamba kwambiri osintha mabotolo osiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwa polymer owopsa kumapezekanso. Izi zimaphatikiza zabwino za kusungunuka bwino komanso zodetsa nkhawa, ndipo zimatha kukonzedwa mosavuta pa zowonjezera zoyenera zimayambitsa zida zoumba. Zolimbitsa thupi zosiyanasiyana, lawi lokhazikika ndipo ma polima ena apadera amangoyambitsidwa kapena kusinthidwa kuti akwaniritse ntchito zatsopano.

PendaCopsolters ndi chitsanzo china cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ovolyesters. Mosiyana ndi PCTA, yomwe imasinthidwa ndi asidi, petg ndi polimer yosinthidwa yopangidwa ndi chophatikiza cha CHDM diaol ndi TPE (TELPHTHTHA acid) ndi ethylene glycol. Openi a Petg amatha kuumbidwa kapena kutaya mtima ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala a korphous, wowoneka bwino komanso wopanda utoto, ngakhale pazigawo zazikulu.

Ili ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kuuma ndi kulimba mtima, ngakhale kutentha kochepa. Kuphatikizika kwa kuwonekera, kulimba mtima ndi kusungunuka kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza pakupanga jakisoni, kuwomba kukuumba ndi kupezeka ndi mafilimu, mafilimu ndi mafilimu. Petg imapezeka mu mawonekedwe osavomerezeka kapena owonjezera owonjezera, kuphatikizapo othandizira kumasulira, masterbatches, ndi ma inriforsiers oumba jakisoni.

Petg iyenera kuwuma pa 120-160f pafupifupi maola 4-6 musanawumbe kapena potuluka. Munjira zonsezi, kusungunuka kumayambira 420F mpaka 510F. Nthawi yogwirizira zida zamagetsi pamatentha kwambiri zimayenera kukhala zazifupi momwe zingathere kuletsa kuwonongeka kwambiri. Kuumba jakisoni kuyenera kuchitidwa pamakina a jakisoni, kumafunikira kuwombera kulikonse kuti ukhale 50% mpaka 80% ya mphamvu yake.

Petg imatha kuwumbidwa ndi kuwombera pa kusungunuka pakati pa 400-450f kuti mabotolo a shampoo, madzi oyimitsa madzi, mafuta a hygiene, ndi ma Centraging. Nkhaniyi imakumana ndi miyezo ya FDA yolumikizirana ndi chakudya.

Kutawunika kumatha kubweretsa mitundu yambiri, komanso machubu onyamula, mafilimu, ndi ma sheet, kuphatikiza makonda azachipatala. Petg ndi PCTA imatha kukhala chosawilitsidwa ndi ethylene oxide ndi y yys.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito jakisoni woumba, petg nthawi zambiri amakonzedwa pamoto wosungunuka wa 450-510F, kutentha kwa kukula kwa 70-130f. Ntchito zamasiku ano zimaphatikizapo zida zopangira, zishango zamakina, zodzikongoletsera zodzikongoletsera, chipangizo chowongolera, onetsani zigawo ndi zoseweretsa.

Pet imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu soda ndi kuthira chakumwa. Pet ili ndi pafupifupi 100% ya misika yopanda 2-lita imodzi yobwezeretsa, ndi 1.5-lita, 1-lit, lita, lita mabotolo ocheperako avomerezedwanso.

Pet imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya, mowa, mawonekedwe. Kufunikira kwa ziweto kumayembekezeredwa kuti zikule zakumwa zosagwirizana ndi mafakitale a mafakitale. Zakudya zometedwa zimaphatikizapo mpiru, zinthu za mphira, batala wa m'thupi, zowoneka bwino, mafuta ophikira, ma consions ndi timadziti okhazikika. Mitundu yatsopano, mitundu ya uber wa ku Weber, otchuka munthawi ya mankhwala, mavitamini ndi mawonekedwe.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopano kwambiri komanso zokulirapo kwambiri za ziweto za ziweto ndi chakudya kapena phukusi la zakumwa, zomwe zimafunikira kudzazidwa kwambiri. Zakudya zambiri, makamaka zipatso kapena zakudya kapena zakumwa zokhala ndi zipatso zazitali, ziyenera kunyamulidwa mu 180f kapena kupitilira. Izi zimapereka pasteurization (kuphatikiza) za malonda ndi chidebe panthawi yodzaza. Zotengera zapamwamba zowala, monga m'matumba a koloko ndi zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, amakonda kuchepetsedwa komanso kuwonongeka potentha kwambiri pa 160F, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwina. Kupsinjika kwa nkhawa kumatulutsidwa munthawi yophulika kuwuzira chidebe. Tekinoloje yapangidwa kuti isinthe kukana kutentha panthawi yamakonzedwe, nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "kutentha" ukadaulo. Kutengera ndi ukadaulo wina, pali njira zingapo zamaukadaulo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri, kutengera zomwe zili zokwanira kudzaza pa 190-195f zitha kupangidwa. Zinthu zomwe zimafunikira kunyamula ndi izi zimaphatikizaponso zipatso za zipatso zoyera. Ndege zakumwa kwambiri, nandolo, zakumwa zina za isotonic komanso zamasewera, zokonda zambiri, timadziti timadzitamatira ndi madzi ena.

Mapeto ena amagwiritsa ntchito ziweto amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potambasulidwa ndikutuluka filimu ndi pepala. Pet imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zochulukirapo zokutira kwa mapepala okhotakhota. Kuphatikiza apo, ma crystalline pet (chikhomo) chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu choyambirira kupanga ma tray a uvuni.

Filimu kanema nthawi zambiri amakhala okhazikika ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafilimu ena a X-rayi, nyama ndi tchizi, matepi amagetsi, mbale zamagetsi ndi matumba osindikizira. Pet imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati matepi a mafakitale. Ma scalstalline, filimu filimu yopanda tanthauzo ndipo pepala lopanda tanthauzo layamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zotengera, thiramu, zinthu zopondaponda ndi makapu akumwa.

Chidule: Petg ndi mtundu wosasinthika wa chiweto, ndi kuwonekera kwambiri, kulimbitsa thupi kwakukulu, kukana bwino nkhawa, ndipo si mtengo wokwera.