Ibikoresho byo gupakira bikabije ni plastiki, ikirahure nimpapuro. Mugihe cyo gukoresha, gutunganya no kubika plastiki, bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo hanze nkumucyo, ogisijeni, imirasire, imvura, imvura ya plastiki irasenyutse, bikavamo kubura ibyabo imiterere yumwimerere. Iki kintu muri rusange cyitwa gusaza. Ibigaragara byingenzi byimyaka ya plastike ni uguhindura, impinduka mumitungo yumubiri, impinduka mumiterere ya mashini nimpinduka mumitungo y'amashanyarazi.
1. Amavu n'amavuko ya plastike
Mubuzima bwacu, ibicuruzwa bimwe byanze bikunze byanze bikunze bigaragarira urumuri, kandi urumuri rwa ultraviolet mumazi yizuba, hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi, imvura n'ikime, gukuramo, guhuza, kuvuza, ifu. Imirasire y'izuba n'ubushuhe ni ibintu by'ingenzi bitera kwiba. Imirasire y'izuba irashobora gutera ibikoresho byinshi gutesha agaciro, bifitanye isano no kwiyumvisha no kwerekana ibikoresho. Buri kintu gisubiza mu buryo butandukanye kuri spectrum.
Ibintu bikunze gusaza kuri plastike mubidukikije nibihebuje nindabyo za ultraviolet, kuko ibidukikije birimo ibikoresho bya plastike bitandukanye ni ubushyuhe nizuba ryizuba). Kwiga gusaza plastike biterwa nuburyo butandukanye bwibidukikije bifite akamaro gakomeye kugirango bakoreshe ibidukikije. Ikizamini cyacyo cyo gusaza kirashobora kugabanywa hafi mu byiciro bibiri: Hanze hamwe na laboratoire yihuse yo gusaza.
Mbere yuko ibicuruzwa bishyirwa mubunini-bunini, ubushakashatsi buke bwo mu mucyo bugomba gukorwa kugirango dusuzume ihohoterwa ryayo. Ariko, gusaza bisanzwe birashobora gufata imyaka myinshi cyangwa binini kugirango tubone ibisubizo, biragaragara ko bitahuye numusaruro nyawo. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yikirere ahantu hatandukanye iratandukanye. Ibikoresho bimwe bigomba kugeragezwa ahantu hatandukanye, byongera cyane ikiguzi.
2. Ikizamini cyo hanze
Hanze itagaragara bivuga guhura kumurika izuba nibindi bihe. Nuburyo butaziguye gusuzuma ikirere cyo kurwanya ibikoresho bya plastike.
Ibyiza:
Igiciro gito
Guhuzagurika
Byoroshye kandi byoroshye gukora
Ibibi:
Mubisanzwe cyane
Ubudahebuje ku Isi
Ingero zitandukanye zifite ibitekerezo bitandukanye mubiciro bitandukanye
3. Laboratoire yihuta ashaje
Ikizamini cyoroheje cya laboratoire ntigishobora gucika intege gusa Byarangiye muri laboratoire yose, tutiriwe urebye ibibujijwe, kandi biroroshye gukora no kuyobora bikomeye. Kwigana ibidukikije byukuri no gukoresha uburyo bwihuse bwo gusaza bushobora kugera kuntego yo gusuzuma vuba imikorere yibintu. Uburyo nyamukuru bukoreshwa ni ultraviolet yoroheje yo gusaza, Xenon Lamp anch ikizamini na karubone Arc yoroheje.
1..
Ikizamini cya Xenon Lamp nigigeragezo kigereranya urumuri rwuzuye rwizuba. Ikizamini cya Xenon Lamp kirashobora kwigana ikirere gisanzwe mugihe gito. Nuburyo bwingenzi bwo kwerekana amayeri no kwerekana ibipimo byibicuruzwa mugihe cyubushakashatsi bwa siyansi no gukora, kandi ni igice cyingenzi cyo kugenzura ibicuruzwa.
Xenon Lamp ass Man ass DIST irashobora gufasha guhitamo ibikoresho bishya, guhindura ibikoresho biriho, hanyuma usuzume uburyo impinduka zigira ingaruka kumarira yibicuruzwa
Ihame shingiro: Urugereko rwa Xenon Lamp rukoresha amatara ya xenon kwigana ingaruka zizuba, kandi zikoresha ubuhehere bwo kwigana imvura n'ikime. Ibikoresho byageragejwe bishyirwa munzira yo guhinduranya urumuri nubushuhe ku bushyuhe runaka bwo kugerageza, kandi birashobora kubyara ingaruka zibaho hanze y amezi cyangwa mubyumweru bike.
Gusaba Ikizamini:
Irashobora gutanga ibidukikije bihuye nibizamini byihuse byubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, iterambere ryibicuruzwa nubugenzuzi bwiza.
Irashobora gukoreshwa muguhitamo ibikoresho bishya, kunoza ibikoresho biriho cyangwa gusuzuma kuramba nyuma yo guhinduka mubikoresho.
Irashobora kwigana impinduka zatewe nibikoresho byerekanwe kumucyo wizuba mubidukikije bitandukanye.
2. UV fluorescent yoroheje ya ass
Ikizamini cya UV gusana cyane cyane kigereranya ingaruka zitegura uv urumuri rwizuba kubicuruzwa. Muri icyo gihe, irashobora kandi kubyara ibyangijwe n'imvura n'imvura. Ikizamini gikorwa mugaragaza ibikoresho bizageragezwa mu buryo bugenzurwa ku cyizuba ryizuba nubushuhe mugihe wongera ubushyuhe. Ultraviolet fluorescent amatara akoreshwa mukwigana izuba, kandi imbaraga zubushuhe kirashobora kandi kwigana no kugereranya cyangwa gutera.
Fluorescent uv itara rya mercury nkeya rifite uburebure bwa 254nm. Bitewe no kongeramo fosiphorus kubana kugirango uyihindura uburebure burebure, gukwirakwiza ingufu ya fluorescent uv biterwa na spectrum yimuka ya phophorum ibaterana na fosifuriya yikirahure. Amatara ya fluorescent ubusanzwe agabanijwe muri UVA na UVB. Gusaba ibikoresho bigena ubwoko bwa UV itarakoreshwa.
3. Carbone arc itara ryamatara ashaje
Carbone arc itara ni telefone ya kera. Igikoresho cya karubone cyakoreshejwe mu buryo bw'uko cyakoreshwaga n'uburaro bw'ubuyobozi bw'Ubudage chedic chediste kugira ngo gisuzume igisibo cyoroheje cy'imyenda irangi. Itara rya karubone ryagabanijwemo rigabanijwemo amatara ya karubone afunze kandi afunguye arc. Utitaye kubwoko bwa karubone arc itara, uburyo bwacyo buratandukanye cyane nuburyo bwizuba. Bitewe n'amateka maremare yikoranabuhanga ryumushinga, tekinoroji ya mbere yubukorikori bwaho yakoresheje ibi bikoresho, cyane cyane ubu buryo burashobora kugaragara muburyo bwa mbere bwubuyapani, aho uburyo bwa karbone arc bwakunze gukoreshwa nkurwo rusanzwe Ubusa bwo gusuzuma.
Igihe cya nyuma: Aug-20-2024