Ukwelashwa kwesifutho sebhodlela lengilazi nokwabelana kwamakhono okufanisa imibala

Ukumbozwa kwebhodlela lengilazi, emkhakheni wezinto zokupakisha zezimonyo, lesi isixhumanisi esibalulekile sokwelashwa okungaphezulu, wengeza ungqimba lobuhle esitsheni sengilazi, kulesi sihloko, sabelana ngesihloko esimayelana nokwelashwa kwesifutho sebhodlela lengilazi & namakhono wokufanisa umbalaiphakethe le-shanghai rainbow.

一,

Upende webhodlela lengilazi amakhono wokusebenza wokwakha wokufafaza

1. Sebenzisa i-diluent ehlanzekile noma amanzi ukulungisa upende ube yi-viscosity efanelekile yokufafaza. I-viscosity efanelekile imvamisa iyimizuzwana eyi-18 kuye kwengama-30 njengoba ikalwa nge-viscometer ye-Tu-4. Uma isikhashana ingekho i-viscometer, indlela ebonwayo ingasetshenziswa: gudluza upende ngenduku (insimbi noma induku yokhuni) bese uyiphakamisa ifike ku-20 cm ubude ukuze umise ukubuka. Ijiyile kakhulu; uma umugqa uphukile ngokushesha nje lapho ushiya unqenqema olungenhla lomgqomo, luncane kakhulu; uma imisa ekuphakameni okungama-20 cm, uketshezi lwepende luzokwenza umugqa oqondile, futhi ukugeleza kuzoma ngaso leso sikhathi futhi kube ukuconsa. Le viscosity ifaneleka kakhulu.

2. Umfutho womoya ulawulwa kangcono ku-0.3-0.4 MPa (3-4 kgf/cm2). Uma ingcindezi iphansi kakhulu, uketshezi lwepende luzoba ne-athomu engalungile, futhi i-pitting izokwakhiwa phezulu; uma ukucindezela kuphezulu kakhulu, kuzoncibilika kalula, futhi inkungu yepende izoba nkulu kakhulu, engeke ilahle izinto kuphela, kodwa futhi ithinte impilo yomqhubi.

3. Isikhawu phakathi komlomo nobuso bento ngokuvamile singu-200-300 mm. Uma useduze kakhulu, kulula ukucwila; kude kakhulu, inkungu kapende ayilingani futhi ijwayele ukugoba, futhi inkungu kapende ihlakazekile endleleni esuka emlonyeni kude nendawo, ibangele ukungcola. Usayizi othize wesikhawu kufanele ulungiswe ngokufanelekile angokuhambisana nohlobo lwepende yebhodlela lengilazi, i-viscosity kanye nomfutho womoya. Isikhathi sokufafaza sikapende owoma kancane singase sibe kude, lapho i-viscosity incane, ingaba kude; lapho umfutho womoya uphakeme, isikhawu singase sibe kude, futhi ukucindezela kungaba kuncane lapho ingcindezi incane; Uma idlula leli banga, kuba nzima ukuthola ifilimu kapende ekahle.
4. Isibhamu se-spray singahanjiswa phezulu naphansi, kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, okungcono ngesivinini esingu-10-12 m/min, futhi umlomo wombhobho kufanele ufuthwe endaweni ephansi yento ukuze kuncishiswe ukufafaza kwe-oblique. Lapho ufutha kuzo zombili iziphetho zendawo yento, isandla esidonsa isibhamu sesibhamu kufanele sikhululwe ngokushesha ukuze kuncishiswe inkungu kapende. Ngenxa yokuthi iziphetho ezimbili zento engaphezulu ngokuvamile zidinga ukufafazwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili, kuyindawo okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ibangele ukuhlehla.

5. Uma ufutha, iphasi elilandelayo kufanele licindezelwe ngokumelene ne-1/3 noma 1/4 yephasi yangaphambilini, ukuze kungabikho ukuvuza kwesifutho. Uma ufutha upende omiswe ngokushesha, fafaza ngokulandelana ngesikhathi. Umphumela wesifutho awulungile.

6. Lapho ufutha endaweni evulekile yangaphandle, naka lapho umoya uya ngakhona (ungasebenzi lapho umoya unamandla), futhi osebenza naye kufanele ame ngendlela ebheke phansi ukuze avimbele inkungu kapende ukuthi ingapheshulwa umoya iye endaweni efuthwe. upende ifilimu futhi ubangele indawo eyimbudumbudu ehlazisayo.

7. Indlela yokufafaza: okokuqala kunzima bese kuba lula, kuqala ngaphakathi bese kuba ngaphandle. Okokuqala phezulu, bese kuba phansi, kuqala indawo encane bese kuba indawo enkulu. Ngale ndlela, inkungu kapende efuthiwe ngeke isakaze ifilimu kapende efuthwe futhi ilimaze ifilimu kapende efuthwe.

二

Amakhono wokufanisa umbala webhodlela lengilazi

1. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokulunga
obomvu + ophuzi = owolintshi
red + blue = purple
ophuzi + onsomi = oluhlaza

2. Isimiso esiyisisekelo semibala ehambisanayo
Okubomvu nokuluhlaza kuyaphelelisana, okungukuthi, okubomvu kunganciphisa okuluhlaza, futhi okuluhlaza kunganciphisa okubomvu;
Okuphuzi nokunsomi kuyaphelelisana, okungukuthi, okuphuzi kunganciphisa nsomi, futhi okunsomi kunganciphisa ophuzi;
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuhambisana ne-orange, okungukuthi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunganciphisa i-orange, futhi i-orange inganciphisa okwesibhakabhaka;

3. Imibala eyisisekelo
Abantu abavamile bathi umbala uhlukaniswe izakhi ezintathu: hue, lightness kanye saturation. I-Hue ibizwa nangokuthi i-hue, okungukuthi, ebomvu, ewolintshi, ephuzi, eluhlaza, e-cyan, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ensomi, njll.; ukukhanya kubuye kubizwe ngokukhanya, okuchaza ukukhanya nobumnyama bombala; saturation ibizwa nangokuthi i-chroma,echaza ukujula kombala.

4. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokufanisa umbala
Ngokuvamile ungasebenzisi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezintathu zopende wombala. Imibala ehlukene emaphakathi (okungukuthi, imibala enamathoni ahlukene) ingatholakala ngokuxuba imibala ebomvu, ephuzi, neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesilinganiso esithile. Ngesisekelo sombala oyinhloko, wengeza umhlophe, ungathola imibala ene-saturation ehlukene (okungukuthi, imibala ene-shades ehlukene). Ngesisekelo sombala oyinhloko, wengeza omnyama, ungathola imibala ngokukhanya okuhlukile (okungukuthi, imibala enokukhanya okuhlukile).

5. Amakhono ayisisekelo wokufanisa umbala

Ukuxutshwa nokumataniswa kopende kulandela isimiso sombala okhiphayo, imibala emithathu eyinhloko ibomvu, ophuzi, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi imibala ehambisanayo iluhlaza, onsomi, nowolintshi. Okubizwa ngemibala ehambisanayo imibala emibili exutshwe esilinganisweni esithile ukuze kutholwe ukukhanya kombala omhlophe, umbala ohambisanayo wobomvu uluhlaza, umbala ohambisanayo onophuzi unobunsomi, futhi umbala ohambisanayo noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unowolintshi. Okusho ukuthi, uma umbala ubomvu kakhulu, ungakwazi ukwengeza oluhlaza; uma iphuzi kakhulu, ungakwazi ukwengeza onsomi; uma iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kakhulu, ungangeza owolintshi. Imibala emithathu eyinhloko ibomvu, ophuzi, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi imibala ehambisanayo iluhlaza, onsomi, nowolintshi. Okubizwa ngemibala ehambisanayo imibala emibili exutshwe esilinganisweni esithile ukuze kutholwe ukukhanya kombala omhlophe, umbala ohambisanayo wobomvu uluhlaza, umbala ohambisanayo onophuzi unobunsomi, futhi umbala ohambisanayo noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unowolintshi. Okusho ukuthi, uma umbala ubomvu kakhulu, ungakwazi ukwengeza oluhlaza; uma iphuzi kakhulu, ungakwazi ukwengeza onsomi; uma kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kakhulu, ungangeza owolintshi.

Ngaphambi kokumataniswa kombala, qala ngokunquma ukuthi ukuphi umbala okufanele uhlanganiswe esithombeni ngokuya ngomfanekiso olandelayo, bese ukhetha imibala emibili efanayo ukuze uyihlanganise ngesilinganiso esithile. Sebenzisa into efanayo yepuleti lengilazi lengilazi noma into yokusebenza ezofafazwa ukuze ihambisane nombala (ubukhulu be-substrate, ibhodlela lengilazi likasawoti we-sodium kanye nebhodlela lengilazi likasawoti we-calcium kuzobonisa imiphumela ehlukene). Uma uhlanganisa umbala, qala wengeze umbala oyinhloko, bese usebenzisa umbala onamandla okuthayela aqinile njengomsizi, wengeze kancane kancane futhi ngezikhathi ezithile futhi uqhubeke ushukumisa, ukuze ubuke ukushintsha kombala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi uthathe isampula ngokusula, ukuxubha, ukufutha noma ukunamathisela kwisampula ehlanzekile. Ngemva kokuthi umbala uzinzile, qhathanisa umbala nesampula yoqobo. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokufanisa umbala, umgomo othi "kusuka ekujuleni kuya kokumnyama" kufanele ubambe.

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