Unganciphisa kanjani izindleko zokuthenga?

Ukuthenga kungenye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini yenhlangano, kanye nezindleko zayo ama-akhawunti acishe abe ngu-60% wokukhiqiza nokuthengisa. Ngaphansi komkhuba lapho izindleko zokuthenga zezitofu zesimanje zokulungiswa zikhula kancane kancane njengengxenye yezindleko eziphelele zebhizinisi, ibhizinisi libhekene nokuncintisana okwenziwe ngemakethe, futhi umjikelezo wokukhiqiza umkhiqizo kancane kancane.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwesidingo semakethe kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kwamazinga obuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo acindezelekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkampani ziyaguquka kancane kancane ebuholini bezobuchwepheshe kanye nemakethe yokuthenga ukuze bathenge ukunciphisa izindleko futhi bakhuphule inzuzo, ngaleyo ndlela basize basebenzise izinzuzo ezintsha.

Ungawenza kanjani umsebenzi womnyango wokuthenga unikeze umnikelo obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwebhizinisi? Ungayenza kanjani isebenzise ukusebenza okukhulu ekusebenzeni kokuhlinzekwa kwama-chain? Konke lokhu kuncike emisebenzini yangempela nesebenzayo yokuthengwa kwenkampani!

Njengomqondisi wokuthenga, umgomo wokuthenga izinto ezidingekayo noma izinto zokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ethembekile, ukuphepha okuqinile, ukulethwa okwesikhashana, kanye nenkonzo endaweni, ngenkathi kunciphisa izindleko zokuthenga. Le yimisebenzi esemqoka yoMnyango Wokuthenga ukuze uqedele umsebenzi onikezwe yinkampani.

Inqubo yokuphathwa kwezindleko zokuthengwa kwempahla yenhlangano ifaka phakathi izici ezine zokuphatha, okungukuthi ukuhlela izindleko, ukulawulwa kwezindleko, ukuhlaziya izindleko kanye nokuhlolwa kwezindleko nokuhlolwa; Isigaba sokuhlela singabhekiswa ekutholeni izibopho zesikhundla ngasinye ekuthengeni, bese sigcizelela inhloso yohlelo lokunciphisa izindleko, ukuhlolwa kwezinye izindlela, ukwenza kahle kwezinye izici zabaphathi , Ukubalwa kwezindleko nokuhlaziywa kwezindleko kuzothola imiphumela esobala.

Umqondisi wempahla enhle kakhulu kufanele aqale ezicini eziningi enqubweni yokuthengwa kwempahla. Isici esikhulu ukudala indawo yokuthengwa kwempahla ngokokwakhiwa kohlelo kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhono lokuthengwa kwebhizinisi lokuthengwa kwezimali kusuka ezingeni lobuchwepheshe, futhi qhubeka nokuthuthuka kulezi zinto ezimbili ezibalulekile, kanye nokwakhiwa kohlelo lokuthengwa kwempahla, kuthuthukise okuphelele okuphelele Amakhono webhizinisi eMnyangweni Wokuthengwa Kwempahla ukuze afinyelele izindleko eziphansi kakhulu zokuthengwa kwempahla. Ukuthenga okulawulwa kwezindleko ezibuyiselwe kwizindleko eziningi zokuthenga ezibuyiselwe imali esebenza kahle kuqala kusuka kulezi zinto ezinhlanu ezilandelayo zokunciphisa izindleko zokuthenga.

1. Nciphisa izindleko zokuthengwa kwempahla ngokuphathwa kokuthengwa kwempahla
Ukuphathwa kwempahla ehlelekile kufanele kulinganise ngokuphelele izinzuzo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zebhizinisi, thatha ukutholwa kokuthengwa kwempahla njengenhloso yazo, futhi ugxile ekuthuthukisweni kokubambisana kwamasu wesikhathi eside nabaphakeli. Kuyi-paradigm yokuphatha yokuthengwa kwempahla evumelana nokuthuthukiswa kwesimo sezomnotho esisha.

1 Ukwaneliseka kwezidingo zamakhasimende nokuthandwayo kufanele kutholakale ngokubamba iqhaza komzimba omkhulu wesixhumanisi ngasinye ku-Supply Chain ukuze uqaphele ukuguqulwa kwekhasimende kudinga ukwakheka kwamakhasimende kudinga ukwakheka kwamakhasimende kuklanyelwe lomkhiqizo. Ukuqashelwa kwezintandokazi zamakhasimende kuyimfuneko yokuqaliswa kwecebo. Ngakho-ke, ukuguqula umqondo wokuthengwa kwendabuko ulungele ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwecebo.

2 Sungula ukubambisana kwamasu wesikhathi eside se-Aliance kunokuba ubudlelwane bokuthenga. Ukusungula ubuhlobo obunjalo budinga ukufana kwamasu phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nokufuna izinhlangothi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Suppler nokuphatha akusasekelwe kuthengiselwano njengento yokuqala, kepha kufanele kuqale kubheke ukuthi isu elifanelwe yini. Khulisa isisindo ezicini zamabhizinisi, isiko le-Corporate, isu lezinkampani nezinto ezibonakalayo.

I-3. Ukuthenga akusona isitolo esisodwa, futhi kumele kufezwe. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kufanele kufaka hhayi amanani omkhiqizo kuphela, ikhwalithi, njll., Kepha ukuhlaziywa komkhakha womkhiqizo, futhi kubikezele ngisho nesimo se-macroeconomic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele senze isinqumo ngecebo lomhlinzeki, ngoba ukungaboni kahle kwamasu wokuphathwa kwamasu kuzokugcina kuthinte ukuthembeka kobudlelwano bokuthengwa kwezimpahla. Zonke lezi zinkinga zingesigaba soMkhandlu Wokuhlaziywa Kwamasu. Kudlula uhlaka lokuhlaziywa kokuthengwa kokuthengwa kwempahla (intengo, ikhwalithi, njll.).

2. Yehlisa izindleko zokuthengwa ngokuthengwa ngokujwayelekile
Ukulinganisa okuyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokuphathwa kwamabhizinisi wanamuhla. Kuyisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza okujwayelekile kwebhizinisi. Ikhuthaza ukuqondiswa, okujwayelekile, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwebhizinisi nemisebenzi yokusebenza kanye nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuphatha. Kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokulawulwa kwezindleko okuphumelelayo. Enqubweni yokulawula izindleko, le misebenzi emine elandelanayo ibaluleke kakhulu.

1. Ukulinganiswa kokuthengwa kwempahla. Kubhekiswa ekusetshenzisweni kwezindlela zesayensi kanye nezindlela zokulinganisa amanani anokulinganisela kanye namanani afanelekile emisebenzini yokuthengwa kwempahla, futhi ahlinzeke ngemininingwane enembile yemisebenzi yokuthengwa kwempahla, ikakhulukazi ukutholwa kwezindleko. Uma kungekho standard yokulinganisa enobunye, idatha eyisisekelo ayilungile, futhi imininingwane ayilinganiswanga, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthola imininingwane enezindleko zokuthengwa kokuthengwa kwezimpahla, kungasatshelwa.

2. Intengo yokuthenga iyamiswa. Enqubweni yokuthenga ukulawulwa kwezindleko, kufanele kusungulwe amanani amabili ajwayelekile. Enye intengo yokuthenga ejwayelekile, okungukuthi, intengo yemakethe noma intengo yomlando yemakethe ebonakalayo eluhlaza, eyenziwa ngokulingisa imakethe phakathi kweyunithi ngayinye ye-accounting nebhizinisi; Okwesibili yintengo yesabelomali sangaphakathi sokuthengwa kwesabelomali, esiku-Enterprise Inqubo Yokuklama ibala inani elilinganisiwe lezinto zokusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa kwezidingo zenzuzo yenhlangano kanye namanani okuthengisa. Ukuthenga amazinga kanye namanani wesabelomali sokuthenga kuyizidingo eziyisisekelo zokuthenga imisebenzi yokulawula izindleko.

3. Yenza ikhwalithi yezinto ezithengiwe ezithengiwe. Ikhwalithi umphefumulo womkhiqizo. Ngaphandle kwekhwalithi, noma ngabe izindleko ziphansi kangakanani, kungukuchitha. Ukuthengwa kwezindleko Ukulawulwa kwezindleko ngaphansi kwekhwalithi efanelekayo. Ngaphandle kwemibhalo ejwayelekile yekhwalithi yezinto zokwakha ezithengiwe, akunakwenzeka ukufeza kahle izidingo zemisebenzi yokuthengwa kwempahla, kungasaphathwa izindleko eziphakeme neziphansi zokuthengwa kwezimpahla.

I-4. Ukumiswa kwedatha yezindleko zokuthengwa kwempahla. Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokuqoqwa kwedatha yokuthengwa kwedatha, kucacise izibopho zomthumeli wedatha yezindleko kanye nomnikazi we-akhawunti, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi idatha yezindleko ihanjiswa ngesikhathi, kufakwe ku-akhawunti ngesikhathi, kanye nokwabelana ngolwazi wabona; Yenza i-COUCTUME FAST Account Accounting indlela futhi icacise ukubalwa kwendlela yezindleko zokuthengwa kwempahla: yakha ifomethi yeshadi lokubala elihlangene lokuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yokufaka imali yezindleko zokuthenga inembile.

Okwesithathu, nciphisa izindleko zokuthengwa kwezimpahla ezingeni lokuthengwa kwempahla
1. Thuthukisa ukuphathwa okuyisisekelo kokuthengwa kwempahla, okubandakanya ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokufakwa kwezingane kwezinto ezithengiwe kanye nokusungulwa kwalo database; Ukuzimisela kwamazinga okuhlola abahlinzeki abafanelekayo, ukwahlukaniswa kwamazinga abahlinzeki kanye nokusungulwa kwe-database; Ukuqinisekiswa kobungako be-batch obuncane, umjikelezo wokuthengwa kwempahla, kanye nenani elijwayelekile lokupakisha lezinto ezahlukahlukene; Amasampula nemininingwane yezobuchwepheshe yezinto ezahlukahlukene ezithengiwe.

2. Uhlelo lokubhida kufanele lusungulwe ngokuthenga ngobuningi. Le nkampani yakha ngokusobala inqubo futhi imema inqubo yokubhida, ngakho-ke ukubhida nokuthengwa kwempahla kunganciphisa izindleko zokuthengwa kwempahla, ikakhulukazi ukugwema isimo sempahla. Ukubhida kwenziwa, futhi izindleko zizokwanda.

3. Ukubhaliswa kolwazi lokuthenga kanye nohlelo lwezesekeli lusetshenziselwa ukuthengwa okuhlakazekile. Imininingwane mayelana namagama omkhiqizo athengiwe, amanani, izimpawu zokuthengisa, amanani, amagama womenzi, izindawo zokuthenga, izinombolo zocingo, imininingwane yocingo kufanele ibhaliswe nomnyango wokuhlola inkampani ukuze uthole ireferensi. Inkampani ingathumela umuntu njengomuntu wesithathu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Yenza amasheke ebala.

I-4. Inqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla isebenza ngendlela ebekiwe futhi ikhawulela omunye komunye. UMnyango Wezokuthengwa Kwempahla unesibopho sokukhethwa okuyisisekelo kwabahlinzeki, ikhwalithi kanye neminyango yobuchwepheshe ihlole amandla okuhlinzekwa ngumhlinzeki, kanye neziqu zinqunywa. UMnyango Wezezimali unesibopho sokugadwa kanye nokulawulwa kwamanani, futhi inkokhelo ivunyelwe ngabaholi abaphambili benkampani.

5. Qaphela ukuhlanganiswa kweziteshi zokuthengwa kwempahla ngokuhlanganiswa kwabasebenzi bokuthengwa kwezisebenzi, ukucacisa izinto zokuthengwa kwezimpahla zokuthengwa kwezimpahla ezibhekwane ngazo, futhi uhlobo olufanayo lwezinto zokwakha kufanele luthengwe ngumuntu ofanayo nakwisiteshi esifanayo, ngaphandle kokuthi ukuguquguquka komhlinzeki ohleliwe.

6. Yenza inkontileka yokuthenga. Inkontileka yokuthenga ichaza ngokusobala ukuthi umphakeli ngeke afuze abasebenzi benkampani ngesimo sokuncintisana okungafanele kokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yawo, uma kungenjalo inkokhelo izodonswa ngokulinganayo; Inkontileka izocacisa futhi isivumelwano kwisaphulelo sokuthenga.

7 Isikhathi sobuchwepheshe sale nqubo sibizwa nangokuthi isiqinisekiso sesiqu somhlinzeki. Ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekuthengeni ukuphathwa kophenyo, manje kuyadingeka ukwenza uhlelo oluphelele lwe-Computer Management System futhi usebenzise inethiwekhi ukuze udlulise amehlo ngokushesha futhi uthole imininingwane edingekayo yokuthenga uphethiloli futhi ukuthola imiphumela yokubuza.

8. Sungula ubudlelwano obuzinzile nabathengisi, abahlinzeki abazinzile banamakhono okuhambisa aqinile, ukucaca kwentengo, ukubambisana isikhathi eside, banamalungiselelo athile aphambili ekuhlinzekeni kwenkampani, futhi bangaqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesikhathi sabo, intengo , njll. Ukuphathwa kokuthengwa kwempahla kufanele kunamathisele ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni inzuzo yokuncintisana ye-appreiness yokuhlinzekwa, ukusungula ubudlelwano besikhathi eside nesibobulayo nabathengisi abahle kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, khuthaza ukuthuthuka kwemikhiqizo enikeziwe futhi Ubuchwepheshe, sekela ukuthuthukiswa kwabaphakeli, bese usayina ubudlelwano obunamasu nabo lapho kunesivumelwano sokubambisana esifanele nokunye.

4. Izindlela nezindlela zokunciphisa izindleko zokuthengwa kwezimpahla ezingeni lokuthengwa kwempahla
1. Yehlisa izindleko zokuthenga ngokukhethwa kwemigomo yokukhokha. Uma inkampani inemali eyanele, noma uma inani lenzalo yasebhange liphansi, lingasebenzisa indlela ye-Cash-To-Spot, okuvame ukuletha isaphulelo esikhulu sentengo, kepha kuzoba nomthelela othile ekusebenzeni kwawo wonke inkampani Inhloko yokusebenza.

2. Bamba isikhathi sokushintsha kwentengo. Amanani avame ukuguquka ngezinkathi nokunikezwa kwemakethe kanye nokufunwa. Ngakho-ke, abathengi kufanele banake umthetho wokushintsha kwamanani futhi baqonde isikhathi sokuthenga.

3. Faka abathengisi ngokubhida okuncintisanayo. Ngokuthengwa kwezinto zokwenziwa ngobuningi, indlela ephumelelayo ukusebenzisa ukubhida okuncintisanayo, okuvame ukuholela entengo engezansi yomugqa ngokuqhathanisa amanani phakathi kwabaphakeli. Ngokukhetha nokuqhathanisa nabathengisi abahlukahlukene ukunqandana, ukuze inkampani isesimweni esihle ezingxoxweni.

4. Ukuthengwa ngokuqondile kusuka kumenzi. Uku-oda ngokuqondile kusuka kumenzi kunganciphisa izixhumanisi eziphakathi nendawo kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokuthengwa kokuthengwa kwempahla. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe zomkhiqizi kanye nensizakalo yokuthengisa ngemuva kwalokho kuzoba ngcono.

5. Khetha abahlinzeki abadumile bese usayina izinkontileka zesikhathi eside nazo. Ukubambisana nabahlinzeki abathembekile nabathembekile akunakuqinisekisa kuphela ikhwalithi yokuhlinzekwa nokulethwa okufika ngesikhathi, kepha futhi nokukhokha okukhethekile nentengo.

6 Ukufeza izinga elithile lokuphathwa kokuthengwa kwempahla yebhizinisi, kufanele linake ngokugcwele uphenyo lwemakethe yokuthengwa kwempahla kanye nokuqoqwa kanye nokuhlunga kwemininingwane. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho singaziqonda ngokugcwele izimo zemakethe kanye nezitayela zamanani, bese sizibeka endaweni enhle.
Isihlanu, inkohliso yokuthengwa kwethengwayo ithinta ukuncishiswa kwezinkampani zezindleko zokuthengwa kwempahla
Abanye abaphathi bezinkampani bathi empeleni: "Ukuthenga inkohliso akunakwenzeka ukuvimba, futhi izinkampani eziningi azikwazi ukuthola lesi sithiyo." Lokhu kuyiqiniso ukuthi abasebenzi bokuthengwa kwempahla bathola i-yuan eyodwa kubahlinzeki, ngokungangabazeki balahle i-yuan eyishumi ezindlekweni zokuthengwa kwempahla. Ukuze sithole izixazululo kulolu hlobo lwenkinga, kudingeka sithathe izinyathelo kulezi zinto ezilandelayo: Ukwakhiwa komsebenzi wemisebenzi, ukukhethwa kwezisebenzi kanye nokuqeqeshwa, ukuqeqeshwa kwezimali, ukuqeqeshwa kwempahla yokuhlola ukusebenza kwempahla, njalonjalo.

Ukuthenga okwakhiwa kweposi kudinga ukusetha okuthunyelwe okuhlukile kwesixhumanisi sokuthengwa kwempahla, ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokugxila kakhulu kwamandla okuthenga, ukunqanda okuhambisanayo, isikhathi esifanayo ukuthi kungathinti umdlandla wabasebenzi ngakunye post.

Ukukhetha kwabasebenzi, izindlela zokukhetha isikhundla ngasinye sabasebenzi abaphathi bokuthengwa kwezimali zidinga ukuba nezimfanelo ezilandelayo eziphelele: Amakhono athile akhethekile kanye nokuxhumana, ukuhlanzeka, ukugwema ukugwema izihlobo zabaphathi bomnyango wokuthengwa kwezimpahla kusuka ekuthatheni ebhizinisini lokuthengwa kwempahla.

Amandla wobungcweti afaka hhayi nje kuphela ukuqonda okuthile kwezimpawu zezinto zokusetshenziswa eziboshwe, kodwa futhi nomqondo ocacile wenqubo yokuphathwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo; Ikhwalithi ehlanzekile ibaluleke kakhulu kubasebenzi abathengayo abavame ukubhekana nemali, yize ukuphathwa kwangaphakathi kuthathwe izinyathelo ngazinye, kodwa kusangenakugwemeka ukuhlangana nezilingo ezahlukahlukene ezihlinzekwa ngabathengisi. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukusethwa kwezicupho ngemuva kwesilingo kudinga ukuba abasebenzi bokuthengwa kwempahla baye banobuqotho nobuqotho. Ukuqwashisa ngokusemthethweni nokunye.

Sungula isiyalo somsebenzi esiphelele soMnyango Wezokuthengwa Kwempahla, chaza ukuthi izinqumo nokwenza izinqubo zokusebenzisa izinto zokuthengwa kwempahla kufanele kube ncamashi, kube sobala futhi kugadwe futhi kunciphise omunye komunye; Landela ngokuqinile imigomo yokusebenza "yokuhlela kwangaphambili, ukulawulwa okuqinile ngesikhathi somcimbi, nokuhlaziywa ngokucophelela kanye nokufingqa bese kuthi kufinyelelwe ukuthenga nokusebenzisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo nezinto zokwakha ezihlangabezana nezidingo;

Sebenzisa "abasebenzi abagcwele, inqubo ephelele, ukubhekwa kokuthengwa kwempahla okugcwele, futhi uqeda ngokuqinile enkohlisweni yangasese, ukwamukela, izigwegwe, kanye nokuziphatha okubi okulimazayo kwenqubo yenkampani ekuthengeni nasekuhlinzekweni kwenqubo, kanye Izipho Zomhlinzeki Nemali Yesipho Engakwazi Ukwenqatshwa, kufanele iguqulwe ngokushesha kwinkampani yokugcwalisa; Abathengi abathengi bathande imisebenzi yabo, benze imisebenzi yabo, bethembeke enkampanini, babe nesibopho senkampani, balondoloze izintshisekelo zenkampani, bavikele izimfihlo zenkampani, futhi bavikele amalungelo empahla yenkampani, futhi avikele amalungelo empahla yempahla.

Ukuthenga Ukusebenza Kwe-Appractional Appraisal nokwakhiwa kohlelo lokusabalalisa amaholo Kubaluleke kakhulu eposini ngalinye kanye nokuthenga komnyango ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kweposi ngalinye lokuthenga. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwethula nokwakha izindlela zokuphathwa kwesayensi, okungukuthi, amazinga wokuhlola ukusebenza, okungaqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukuqhubeka kwazo zonke izixhumanisi zokulawulwa kokuthengwa kwezimali. Thuthukisa, nikeza isiqinisekiso nesikhuthazo emsebenzini ophumelelayo, futhi uzuze kahle indawo yokusebenza lapho ukusebenza kukhuthaza izindleko zokunciphisa izindleko.

Njengomqondisi wokuthenga, hhayi nje kuphela ezicini ezinhlanu ezingenhla komsebenzi wokuphatha umsebenzi, kepha okubaluleke kakhulu, zisungula isithombe esihle sabantu kanye neminyango esezinhlokweni zokuthenga, zibathembekile enkampanini, ziphathe abantu abangezansi , okuzogcina ngokuqinisekile ukulungiswa kwezindleko ukwenziwa kahle kulungele ukuncintisana kwemakethe yamabhizinisi.

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